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Aerial view of a palm oil mill and storage tanks among plantations
An industrial complex surrounded by forest
Industrial stacks in a harbour area
The glass facade of a modern building
A facility building with a light facade
Aerial view of a container terminal
Aerial view of process units and tanks at a plant
Factory stacks releasing steam at dusk
Aerial view of dense forest cover
A farmer working in terraced rice fields
An electrical substation at sunrise
Utility and cooling systems on a factory roof
Energy installation structures against a dusk sky

Palm Oil & Refinery

Palm oil you can prove, from plot to tank.

Every industry has its own impact points. See your sector's map

New rules, explained by what you need to prepare.

Aerial view of dense forest cover

A concession you protect, fibre you can prove.

We prepare the data the forestry ministry, PROPER and European buyers ask for across your concession, chip plant and mill, then bring it together on Ailesh+.

See your phaseTalk to us about your concession

Fire, peat and European buyers test the same data.

Peat water levels, block polygons and mill energy meters get reused by every obligation. Prepare them once, properly, and you protect your licence, market access and energy costs together.

Risk

Fires inside a concession now quickly lead to a suspended or revoked forest utilisation licence (PBPH). From 30 December 2026, timber, pulp and paper entering the EU must also be proven deforestation-free since the end of 2020.

19 of 26 permit holders sanctioned over 2026 fires hold plantation forest licences.

According to the Ministry of Forestry via Antara, 2026

Opportunity

Buyers screening their supply chains look for suppliers with clean evidence of fibre origin. Restored peat and conservation areas can now earn carbon units too.

USD 8.17 billion of Indonesian pulp and paper exports in 2025.

According to the Ministry of Industry via Antara, 2026

Priority

Map peat, HCV and polygons across your whole supply base, then install monitoring wells and meters before the mill runs. That data fills EUDR due diligence files, PROPER documents and PSPK reports at once.

  • EUDR

    applies 30 Dec 2026 for large and medium companies and for micro and small timber operators already under the EU Timber Regulation; 30 Jun 2027 for other micro and small

    Timber, pulp and paper must be free of deforestation and forest degradation since 31 Dec 2020, with geolocation for every plot. Printed products are now out of scope.

    According to the European Commission, 2026; Stibbe, 2025

  • PROPER (Environment Ministry Regulation 7/2025)

    annual cycle

    Peat damage control is part of the compliance rating for operations on peat.

    According to the BPK legal database

  • Forestry carbon trading (Forestry Ministry Regulation 6/2026)

    in force since 13 Apr 2026

    Forest licence holders can sell forest and peat offsets through the national carbon registry (SRUK); overseas sales need authorisation.

    According to the BPK legal database

From area evaluation to the next rotation, one chain of data.

The data regulators and buyers ask for starts forming the day the area is mapped. Pick your phase to see what needs to be ready.

Phase 1: Peat and HCV maps decide how many hectares get planted.

Deep peat and HCV areas cannot be planted, and blocks cleared after 2020 are closed to the European market. That effective planting area is what sets a sensible mill capacity.

What needs to be ready

    • 1.1 Protected and cultivation peat

      Map peat depth per hydrological unit; peat of 3 metres or more, and at least 30% of each unit, is protected.

      According to Government Regulation 71/2014 as amended by 57/2016

    • 1.2 Proof of no deforestation or degradation

      Check forest cover as at 31 December 2020 for your own concession, partners, community forests and open-market suppliers.

    • 1.3 HCV, wildlife corridors and FPIC

      Survey flora, fauna and indigenous claims, then run FPIC with participatory maps before any block is opened.

Phase 2: Water management and mill efficiency are settled on paper.

The environmental impact assessment (AMDAL), the forest licence work plan and stack approvals all cite the same design figures. Water, power and emission limits per tonne are cheapest to meet on the drawings, long before any retrofit.

What needs to be ready

    • 2.1 One AMDAL for concession and mill

      One study covers planting blocks, forest roads, canals and the mill, including the fire-prevention plan.

    • 2.2 Peat water design

      Draw the canal blocks, protected zones and water-table compliance points before the first canal is dug.

      According to Government Regulation 57/2016

    • 2.3 A mill built to the green industry standard

      Design condensate recovery and a white-water loop so the paper machine meets the per-tonne limits.

      no more than 13 m³ of water per tonne of non-deinking paper

      According to Industry Ministry Regulation 49/2020

Phase 3: Canal blocks finished before the first dry season.

The build year is the most fire-prone, as land is opened, canals are dug and new workers arrive. Documented zero-burn planting decides whether the forest licence survives to the first harvest.

What needs to be ready

    • 3.1 Canal blocks and monitoring wells

      Install them to the design before any block is planted, then log the water table at compliance points from day one.

      According to Government Regulation 57/2016

    • 3.2 Zero-burn planting

      Document land preparation with dated photos and satellite imagery, and agree fire-free villages before the dry season.

    • 3.3 Block and contractor registry

      Record each block's polygon, clone and planting date, along with contractors' wages, hours and ages.

Phase 4: The mill's first year sets the benchmark for every tonne.

Water, energy and emissions intensity in later years will be compared against this one, and so will peat emissions. Meters and sensors connected before commercial production make those figures auditable.

What needs to be ready

    • 4.1 Online monitoring, CEMS and the operating certificate

      Connect online wastewater monitoring (SPARING) and stack CEMS to the ministry systems, then apply for the operating certificate (SLO).

      According to Environment and Forestry Ministry Regulation P.93/2018 as amended by P.80/2019, and Regulation 13/2021

    • 4.2 Mill and land baseline

      An energy audit, a water balance per tonne of pulp and a greenhouse gas inventory that separates mill emissions from peat emissions.

    • 4.3 EUDR file trial

      Run per-shipment due diligence with importers before 30 December 2026: block geolocation, evidence under Indonesia's timber legality system (SVLK) and a risk assessment.

Phase 5: Peat keeps the licence, energy keeps the margin.

A well-kept water table protects the forest licence, while black liquor and bark cut the mill's energy bill. The same figures fill your PROPER evidence and your PSPK report.

What needs to be ready

    • 5.1 From Green towards Gold

      Build evidence on energy and water efficiency, LCA, 3R for sludge and dregs, biodiversity and SROI for village programmes.

    • 5.2 Peat through the dry season

      Maintain canal blocks, keep the water table at 0.4 metres or shallower and restore burned areas within 30 days.

      10,959 ha burned in areas held by forestry permit holders sanctioned in 2026

      According to Government Regulation 57/2016; Ministry of Forestry via Antara, 2026

    • 5.3 Due diligence and listed-company reporting

      Prepare an EUDR file for every shipment and reconcile timber intake with the output of its origin blocks. For listed companies, PSPK 1 and 2, Indonesia's standards based on IFRS S1 and S2, phase in from 2027.

      According to IAI, 2025

Phase 6: The next rotation can give land back to forest.

Rising increment with each rotation cuts the planted area needed per tonne of pulp, so canals in protected zones can be closed. New paperboard or viscose lines also change figures you have already permitted.

What needs to be ready

    • 6.1 Replanting with new polygons

      Remap every rotation for the annual work plan (RKT) and the EUDR file, with imagery proving no expansion into natural forest.

    • 6.2 Peat restoration into carbon units

      Close canals in protected zones, rewet them, then register the result as an offset with MRV and independent verification.

      only 1–3% of peat burned in 2015–2019 has returned to forest

      According to Forestry Ministry Regulation 6/2026; Pantau Gambut via Antara, 2026

    • 6.3 Permit changes for new lines

      Amend your permits before a paperboard or viscose line, or a boiler retrofit, starts running; changes made without an amended permit can now be fined.

      According to Environment Ministry Regulation 6/2026

The points that decide your licence and fibre value.

Every unit carries its own obligations and its own data, from blocks on peat to reels at the paper machine. Open them one by one.

Nursery and planting blocks

Acacia or eucalyptus clones are raised in the nursery, then planted block by block on a five- to six-year rotation.

  • Emissions
  • Biodiversity
  • Waste
  • Safety

What you can manage

  • Record clone and planting date per block
  • Handle pesticide packaging as hazardous waste
  • Keep a polygon for every block, ready for due diligence

19 of 26 permit holders sanctioned over 2026 fires held plantation licences

Source: Forestry Ministry via Antara, 2026

Peatland and water management

Canals, canal blocks and monitoring wells set the peat water table, which drives emissions, subsidence and fire risk.

  • Emissions
  • Water
  • Safety

What you can manage

  • Keep the water table at 0.4 m or shallower
  • Log monitoring wells online
  • Restore burned areas within 30 days

0.4 m maximum cultivated-peat water-table depth at compliance points

Source: GR 57/2016

Villages, indigenous communities and camps

Villages and indigenous communities live in and around the concession, while contractors' crews stay in camps on site.

  • Community
  • Safety
  • Water

What you can manage

  • Complete FPIC before opening new blocks
  • Log contractors' wages, hours and ages
  • Run a grievance channel that logs and answers complaints

31 land conflicts in the forestry sector in 2025

Source: KPA via GoodStats, 2026

Harvesting and log haulage

Timber is felled mechanically and hauled to the chip plant by truck or barge, with legality recorded per block.

  • Emissions
  • Safety
  • Community

What you can manage

  • Track volume per block to the chip plant
  • Apply chainsaw safety rules to contractors too
  • Log fleet diesel as Scope 1 emissions

Woodyard and chip plant

Logs are debarked, chipped and screened, and the bark and fines go to the power boiler as fuel.

  • Energy
  • Emissions
  • Waste

What you can manage

  • Reconcile timber intake with origin-block output
  • Fit VSDs on chipper and conveyor motors
  • Control dust and noise at the fence line

Pulp mill and recovery boiler

Chips are cooked and bleached, then black liquor is burned in the recovery boiler for energy and chemical recovery.

  • Energy
  • Emissions
  • Water
  • Waste

What you can manage

  • Connect recovery boiler and lime kiln stacks to CEMS
  • Replace lime kiln fossil fuel with biomass
  • Reuse dregs and grits only with approval

4,000 TOE a year triggers mandatory energy management for industry

Source: GR 33/2023

Paper machine

Pulp is formed into a sheet, pressed, steam-dried and reeled; drying steam is the largest heat load.

  • Energy
  • Water
  • Waste

What you can manage

  • Close the white-water loop, reuse at least 40%
  • Recover condensate and dryer-hood heat
  • Return broke to the process

13 m³ water, 900 kWh per tonne: green industry cap, non-deinking paper

Source: Industry Regulation 49/2020

Power boiler and turbines

Bark and sludge fire the power boiler and steam turbines supply the mill's power; coal is sometimes kept as backup.

  • Energy
  • Emissions
  • Waste

What you can manage

  • Keep an energy balance per boiler and turbine
  • Raise the biomass share, cut backup coal
  • Reuse boiler ash only with approval

84.9% of mill energy from renewable and cleaner sources, a Riau pulp producer, 2024

Source: APRIL, 2025

Effluent treatment and sludge

Effluent is treated in stages up to tertiary, sludge is pressed, and the effluent reaches the river through the compliance point.

  • Water
  • Waste
  • Community

What you can manage

  • Monitor pH, COD, TSS and flow online
  • Test sludge, then use it as fuel or compost
  • Monitor odour and river quality downstream

Pulp and paper must monitor effluent online

Source: Regulation P.80/2019

Warehouse, jetty and shipping

Pulp bales and paper reels are stored and shipped, and every EU-bound shipment carries its due diligence file.

  • Emissions
  • Community
  • Water

What you can manage

  • Link every shipment to its origin blocks
  • Keep due diligence data for five years
  • Calculate freight emissions per tonne-km

At least 3% of operators sourcing from standard-risk countries checked yearly

Source: Preferred by Nature, 2025

Conservation, restoration and carbon

HCV areas, wildlife corridors and rewetted peat are held as carbon stock that can become carbon units.

  • Biodiversity
  • Emissions
  • Community

What you can manage

  • Run camera traps and patrols in wildlife corridors
  • Measure carbon stock with verified MRV
  • Record carbon units in the national registry

Only 1–3% of peat burned in 2015–2019 has returned to forest

Source: Pantau Gambut via Antara, 2026

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Typical facility illustration; not a specific site.

From monitoring well to PSPK report, one source of data.

Without a single source, concession, mill and sustainability teams copy the same figures into different files, and the gaps only show at audit. Ailesh+ brings it together: well and effluent data via IoT, land and mill emissions in Carbon+, energy in Energy+, sludge in Waste+, HCV in Biodiv+ and village programmes in Social+. PROPER+ and ESG+ then build your PROPER and PSPK reports from that same source.

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Which phase are your concession and mill in?

Tell us the phase. We'll map the data and documents that need to be ready first.

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